Despot

WORD OF THE DAY

despot / noun / DESS-putt

Definition
1a: a ruler with absolute power and authority
1b: one exercising power tyrannically
1c: a person exercising absolute power in a brutal or oppressive way
2a: a Byzantine emperor or prince
2b (Christianity): a bishop or patriarch of the Eastern Orthodox Church
2c: an Italian hereditary prince or military leader during the Renaissance

Examples
"We like to think that, in a tyrannizing world, the best and the bravest thing is to beat the despots down. The worst thing, though, is that you become a tyrant yourself."
— Anthony Lane, The New Yorker, 24 July 2017

"Throughout the world, despots are … probably monitoring Internet traffic, communications and behavior—in many cases using surveillance technology supplied by U.S. and other Western companies."
— Robert Morgus and Justin Sherman, The Washington Post, 17 Jan. 2019

Did You Know?
In his 1755 dictionary, Samuel Johnson said of despot, "the word is not in use, except as applied to some Dacian prince; as the despot of Servia."
Indeed at that time, the word was mainly used to identify some very specific rulers or religious officials, and the title was an honorable one: it comes from a Greek word meaning "lord" or "master" and was originally applied to deities.
That situation changed toward the end of the century, perhaps because French Revolutionists, who were said to have been "very liberal in conferring this title," considered all sovereigns to be tyrannical.
When democracy became all the rage, despot came to be used most often for any ruler who wielded absolute and often contemptuous and oppressive power.